Transfer Of The Panama Canal Essays - Americas, Panama,

Transfer Of The Panama Canal Transfer of the Panama Canal Skepticism and controversy have surrounded the Panama Canal's recent turnover by the United States to Panama. The Panama Canal, completed in 1914, spans 51 miles across Panama from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. Considered to be the biggest civil engineering project in history, the canal shortened the trip from San Francisco to New York by 8,000 miles. It is navigated by fourteen thousand ships a year, four percent of the world's maritime commerce. Although the United States picked up the $352 million price tag and it's very existence is credited to former President Teddy Roosevelt, Panama still considered the canal rightfully theirs. Roosevelt engineered its independence from Colombia in 1903 so he could build the canal. In 1977, then President Jimmy Carter and Panamanian leader at the time General Omar Torrijos formed a treaty that would revert the ownership of the canal and the 10-mile Canal Zone surrounding it back to Panama on December 31, 1999. The 22 years long process of turning over responsibility for the operation, administration, and defense of the canal officially ended with the withdraw of the last 10,000 U.S. troops from the canal zone. The handover of the Corozal military installation to Panama was also a symbol of Panama's growing sovereignty, although a small number of soldiers will remain as part of the U.S. Embassy's military assistance team. The new President, Mireya Moscoso, goal is to change a world-class location into a world-class country, technologically literate and future oriented. Moscoso comes into office at a time when Panama is trying to rediscover itself. Although it's economy is not totally dependent on the canal, it's self-image depends on whether the newly-appointed members of the Panama Canal Authority can make the canal a valuable money-making resource instead of being run on a non-profit basis as in the past. One of her most difficult tasks will be to protect the canal's neutrality by guarding it from political corruption and mismanagement. The economy is also at risk with unemployment rates at 13% and the closing of U.S. military bases, which may raise that even higher. The security of the Panamanian-controlled canal is a major concern for both Moscoso and the United Sates, who has the right to defend the canal with military force under the Treaty On the Permanent Neutrality of the canal, but only if canal operations are jeopardized. On southern border regions of Columbia are leftist guerrillas, one of the most dangerous security threat to the undeveloped democracy. The Darian region of the Colombian rain forest, very close to the border, is a well-known supply and rest area for guerrillas and the Colombian paramilitary is slowly forcing them out of the forest and sometimes over the Panamanian border. The risk of submarine attacks has pushed the government to consider spending $12 million on the restoration of a second-world-war anti-torpedo dam. The nation's army was dissolved following the 1989 U.S. invasion to unseat military strongman Manuel Noriega. The country since has relied on a national police force, currently 18,000 strong. A poll of 1,200 Panamanians by the La Prensa newspaper showed 70 percent believe Panama is not capable of defending the strategic waterway. More than 72 percent said Panama needs the United States to protect the canal and 68 percent opposed the withdrawal of U.S. troops. Authorities, however, have insisted that Panama is ready to defend the canal without the U.S. military, which had maintained a presence here since 1903 when the country became independent of Colombia. A more serious problem facing the United States is the loss of U.S. military bases, which served as headquarters for U.S. drug-fighting efforts in the region. About 2,000 planes a year took off from Howard Air Force Base to hunt out drug labs and mysterious landing strips in Central and South America and the Caribbean. Meanwhile, U.S. authorities worry that Colombian guerrillas will help drug traffickers ship more cocaine through Panama en route to the United States. History Essays

new england vs chesapeake essays

new england vs chesapeake essays On a warm early September night, all seventeen of us girls on the Eisenhower Dance Team sat anticipating our first football game of the 2003 season. Though so many emotions were felt that night, excitement would overcome us all. Since the Dance Team the year before had been known for their amazing talent, we knew there would be expectations to live up to. Everyone met in the cafeteria, like we usually did for practices. Dressed in out black and purple skirts and shell uniforms, makeup on, and hair tied back; everyone was ready to go. Since near half of the team was made of new members, this whole experience was a first for most of us. Soon enough we were getting our selves together and heading off to the field. After carrying the benchers to the track, we began to dance sidelines. While dancing, for a straight half-hour, the stands had become packed to the complete maximum. It was a full house that night. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the first Eisenhower home game of the 2003 season was heard over the speakers. It was time for the game to begin. Soon after the players lined up on the field the kickoff took place. Even though the game was slightly boring, the first half seemed to go by quicker than expected. No one on the dance team was much of a football wiz, but it was clear that this was going to be a sweet victory. Just as fast as the first quarter had past, the second quarter was passing too. With five minutes left before half time, we went on the track to stretch and for on e last quick marking of the dance. While stretching on the track that night, all I could do was worry. What if I messed up? What if I blanked and forgot the dance? What if I slipped and fell? Thoughts all alike flooded my head. With one last touchdo ...

Androids History

Apps can be downloaded from third-party sites or through online stores such as Google Play (formerly Android Market), the app store run by Google. In June 2012, there were more than 600,000 apps available for Android, and the estimated number of applications downloaded from Google Play was 20 billion. Android became the world’s leading smart phone platform at the end of 2010. For the first quarter of 2012, Android had a 59% smart phone market share worldwide. At the half of 2012, there were 400 million devices activated and 1 million activations per day. Analysts point to the advantage to Android of being a multi-channel, multi-carrier OS. HISTORY: Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October 2003 by Andy Rubin,Rich Miner Nick Sears and Chris White to develop. Google acquired Android Inc. on August 17, 2005, making Android Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of Google. VERSION HISTORY: Android has been updated frequently since the original release of Astro, with each fixing bugs and adding new features. Each version after Astro and Bender is named in alphabetical order. List of Android version code names: ? Android consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel 2. 6, with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C and application software running on an application framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony. Android uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time compilation. The main hardware platform for Android is the ARM architecture

Explore the scholarly literature on the contentious workplace issue of review

Explore the scholarly on the contentious workplace issue of Women in Top Jobs. A recent BBC article demonstrated that - Literature review Example With Thatcher’s prior leadership, United Kingdom was able to join the United States wars. Creating social norms that will reduce gender discrimination (Park, 1996). Further, there are jobs where the female gender is not eager to join. The average female gender does not like to join the army. Joining the army is very strenuous. The officers /leaders of the army rose through the ranks. Rising through the army’s rank entails joining wars. Joining wars include having a life-threatening gamble. The gamble is that the female soldier may be killed by the enemy’s bullets. As the female soldier spends more time with the war, the danger of being killed or maimed is greater (Park, 1995). In the judiciary, there are very female applicants for the juicy judge job. This is also very understandable. The work of the judge is life-threatening. When the judge pens a guilty verdict on the accused, there is a huge probability that the relatives or friends of the convicted felons may avenge the judge’s verdict. The relatives may wait for the judge to cross the street of the courtroom when the judge is in sight, the relatives may murder the judge. In the business sector, there are few female businesswomen. This is again understandable. Society is accustomed to male managers trying to sell the products to the current and future customers. People may look at the female sales person as someone who must try to sell products to the male current and future customers. In stores such as Tesco, there are more female sales persons than the male salesperson. The reason is obvious, current and future customers are more sensually comfortable talking with female grocery store sales persons (KPMG, 2011). In terms of leadership delivery, gender often plays a vital role. There are jobs prohibits that women from daring to excel. For example, In the European Union member states, there is a slow promotion of women into the management level. One dilemma of women is their moth erly role (KPMG, 2011). Women prioritize the rearing of children. Consequently, the home chores discourage women from exerting more time to their jobs. More time includes entertaining current and future customers. Entertaining customers may include engaging them in drinking sprees. Woman managers would find it awkward to entertain male current and future customers inside a dance floor. Likewise, female managers would find it awkward play basketball with current and future customers who love to play basketball. With the home job of rearing the family constantly bothering the female managers, the female managers cannot give their 100 percent to their current work responsibilities. There are differences in the interpersonal relations between men and woman. Men are often linear relationships. The men organize their jobs in component units. Likewise, men normally resolve management issues using the single usage approach leadership (Faugoo, 2011). On the other hand, the process time denot es femaleness. Women are normally busy during their sharing experiences. The women leadership includes sharing their expertise with other people. Because of home responsibilities, many women work using lesser company work hours when compared to men. The female members of our human society are destined to take care of the house chores. The house chores often include cooking the family’s food. The female gender is usually assigned to clean the bathroom

Research Methods College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Methods College - Essay Example Cheerfulness enhances the quality of life and improves productivity. A positive outlook makes one upwardly mobile. A cheerful disposition naturally reaches out to help someone. This person is not sticking out his neck. He knows he is doing something within reach. He knows he is capable. He simply reaches out, achieves the purpose and continues with his course. He radiates life and all the issues that make life happy and purposeful. It is difficult to say if strengths outweigh weaknesses. If it was so easy for strengths to outweigh weaknesses, almost everybody would be happy. Even the happiest people go through bouts of depression and anxiety. However, happy people have the resilience to bounce back. They do not carry forward their depressions to another day. As a matter of fact, going through depressions and anxieties improve resilience. They make a person stronger. It is mentioned that for every 17 articles on negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, there was only one article that dealt with the emotion of joy (Happiness). Basically, it is hope that drives man to live on. As long as man has life, he also has hope. Irrespective of his constant state of mind, there is the urge within man to press on. He knows better days are ahead. Even the most hardened skeptic harbors the notion that there is the silver lining. In the ultimate analysis, one has to learn to live above factors that make for weaknesses.

Disneys Transition into Television and its Effects on Child Actors Essay Example for Free

Disneys Transition into Television and its Effects on Child Actors Essay Disney has expanded their enterprise into many different areas, one of them being television. As Disney has explored the medium of television, they have focused the shows for the audience of children. In 1955, The Mickey Mouse Club was one of the first shows that Disney had on television. In order to appeal to younger audiences, the show had â€Å"young attractive stars performing before a live audience, clowns, magicians, cartoons, guest stars, educational elements, and music written for the show† (Pendergast). Children liked to watch the show because they were watching kids that were about the same age as them, and they could relate to the actors. The children watching the show were heavily influenced by the Mickey Mouse Club because they looked up to and saw the actors as role models (Telotte). They wanted to be like the actors, so Disney profited off this generation of children by putting out merchandise related to the show. In this way, Disney started making more and more money because of these child actors. Many people argue about the effect that watching Disney’s television shows and â€Å"their positive and negative influence on kids† (Hillstrom). However, what about the effect that Disney’s television shows have on the child actors? These children spend their childhood on the sets of television shows, â€Å"being a kid is a full-time job, with scripts to memorize, and tutoring to endure† (Corliss). They are playing the characters of normal kids, without being able to experience a normal childhood themselves, it is no wonder that many child stars get into trouble when they â€Å"start growing up and moving out† (Armstrong, Markovitz) and leave Disney, because they have not been able to experience normal life growing up as a Disney actor. Disney’s â€Å"ability to grow teen talent† year after year is what makes the Disney Channel so successful (Luscombe). While Disney’s other ventures are not making as much money as they used to, â€Å"Disney’s Teen Machine has become a finely tuned profit pump in an industry rife with unpredictability† (Luscombe). Disney seems to have figured out the formula for a great teen star, and they know when they see one. Casting agents at Disney say that â€Å"while they love high-energy kids who can deliver a line and get the humor, they avoid overtrained types† â€Å"they try to cast very real kids who have raw talent† (Armstrong). For most child stars, television is not the endgame, it is just the launchpad that they need to build themselves up until they become big stars. They also cannot just rely on their raw talent to get them though, acting is their job and they are getting paid to film the shows and star in the movies that Disney creates, so they need to not only be â€Å"cute, smart, and quick to learn lines, but also dedicated, focused, and in it for the long haul† (Armstrong). Disney Channel’s stereotypical television character is a teenage girl or boy with a strong family who sometimes gets into funny situations that they learn from in the end. The story lines differ from show to show, but the characters usually have that same background. They always have strong family values with an annoying sibling or two in order to make the show more interesting. Many of Disney’s successful shows have been known to continue for at least four seasons and sometimes more. This is because Disney is a family friendly network so they advertise â€Å"wholesome family entertainment†, and appeal to not only the children, but also their parents (Pendergast). Parents are a very large part of Disney’s enterprise, because they are the ones who are buying all of the merchandise. If they do not think that a certain show is having a positive influence on their children, they will stop letting their children watch the show which leads to less merchandise being bought. In this way, the teen actors also need to be very aware of the decisions that they make. Because they are the stars of these Disney shows, the kids that watch them on television look up to them. They instantly become role models for these children whether they want to be or not. And if they make a bad decision in their everyday lives and it gets into the media, and parents disapprove of the message it sends to their children, they stop being consumers of the actor and the show. Eventually the child and teen actors grow up, and want to leave the Disney Channel and pursue a career as an adult actor. However making the switch from Disney to Hollywood has not been achieved often. Disney has crafted a certain image for their stars, and it is hard for the actors to shake an image that has been associated with them for most of their childhood. The young actors grow out of the Disney shows and want to branch out into more serious roles, and many leave Disney and a lot of money behind to do so, for example Hilary Duff star of the hit Disney show Lizzie McGuire â€Å"famously walked away from a multi-million dollar offer† to start off on her own without Disney (Armstrong, Markovitz). Sometimes the upside for Disney is that when a star moves on, â€Å"the company no longer has to answer for every saucy leaked photo and tabloid scandal† in order to keep up their cookie cutter image (Armstrong, Markovitz). However, Disney would like to keep making money off of the stars, and they do that by â€Å"creating more opportunities so that the talent is more interested in engaging longer with the company† (Luscombe). In trying to keep their young stars, Disney has â€Å"created more opportunities for the stars within the company† (Luscombe). Disney has created many paths that they have their stars take, in wanting them to stay at Disney, they make the stars get involved in all aspects of disney. They make the stars go into no only acting in their television shows, but also getting involved in music and singing. This not only helps the stars gain more fame and fans, but makes Disney much more money than before. Instead of hiring actors and singers and dancers, Disney has shaped their stars so that they do everything with just one person. Disney has also had success in putting all three of these aspects together when they created High School Musical and The Cheetah Girls. They also take stars from their different television shows and put them in special episodes of other shows. This tactic advertises the individual actor and also a new show. Another way Disney gets their stars more involved in the company is if the stars record music and they put it in another movie, it advertises both the actor and the new movie. Disney’s advertising tactics have make their company more successful, and also their stars more famous. However because Disney has incorporated the stars into the company so much and has advertised them and their work as Disney, it is hard for them to branch out, which is exactly what Disney wants. They want to make it hard for the Actors to become disassociated with Disney. However, some stars handle branching away from Disney better than others. For example, Shia LaBeouf became very successful after Disney, starring in many great movies such as the Transformers series. Other former Disney stars handled the Disney branding badly, such as Miley Cyrus. She starred in the very lucrative Disney Channel show Hannah Montana. Where she played a very pure girl who moves for Tennessee to Malibu and has a secret life as a pop star. Miley had an even harder job at getting away from Disney that most other stars because she was not only known for the character Miley Stewart that she played on the show, but also for the character Hannah Montana which was the pop star alter ego on the show. She had two Disney characters to disassociate with and not just one. It was no secret that â€Å"Miley had been publicly testing the waters of adulthood for a few years†, she was taking dramatic and daring Vanity Fair photos and had â€Å"vaguely stripperish dance moves† at an awards show performance (Donahue). She also started to dress differently, less like the character on the show, and more of the short shorts and skin showing clothes. She was trying to change her image from Disney to more dangerous. However, the parents of the children who watched Hannah Montana were angry and made accusations that Miley was now a bad role model for their children and she lost some of her Disney fan base. â€Å"Disney makes you a star, you make them an enormous amount of money, and then you either crash and burn or you go out and stake your claim in the real world† (Donahue). In trying to branch out and get out from under the Disney stereotype, many of the former Disney stars have gotten into trouble with drugs and partying because they go to such drastic measures to change their image. They turn to drug use for the reason that it is so anti-Disney and they feel like that is the only way for people to see them not as their Disney Channel characters but as adults. But because Disney started their careers, they are indebted to them and feel like they owe it to Disney to stay with them for longer than they would want to. They also now have so much money that they could potentially get out of the business all together and be fairly well off. Disney has made a lot of money off of them and their fame, but they have also made a considerable amount off of Disney. Disney has made its young actors so famous that the kids have the world at their feet (Armstrong, Markovitz). But how much has the Disney lifestyle affected the child actors in their development and view of the world around them. They have not grown up like other normal kids did, they act for a living, and it is a full time job. They have to memorize lines and they are on set all day, they do not have time to go to school so they have tutors (Corliss). They play characters that live normal lives, and go to school, but they have not experienced these things themselves first hand. They are sheltered from the outside world while they are being shaped by Disney. They are who many normal children look up to and want to be, but sometimes they might want to just be normal. Having to represent Disney and watch everything that they do and say is a stressful job, and that stress created by Disney’s expectation of them and their fans expectation of them is enough to make anyone want to act out a bit, especially because they are teenagers. Being in the public eye and always being careful of what you do is not how children are supposed to grow up. They are supposed to be able to make mistakes and learn from those mistakes, but these Disney stars do not get the opportunity to make those mistakes because everyone is watching them and if they made even a minuscule mistake, the public would criticize them to no end. They have to live up to the Disney stereotype of the perfect pure child and also try to grow up and learn. Which is why when these stars try to deviate from Disney and to branch out from them, they take the most drastic measures possible because they do not know any other way. These child actors have so many children looking up to them, and so many people watching them that they do not have any room to breath and just be kids, they grow up too fast and then people criticize them for doing things that are too adult like wearing clothes that show ample amounts of skin or going out to clubs and partying, they grew up too fast in Hollywood and in the public spotlight. Disney has made billions off of these child actors and have created many opportunities for them to build their fame and fortune (Armstrong). But is Disney taking these children, shaping them into what they want the stars to be, and then when they are too old and Disney no longer needs them are they throwing these actors out to fend for themselves when they do not really know anything different than Disney? Society expects these children who have had to grow up too quickly in the environment that they were placed in and have not had proper childhoods to be perfect and to not make any mistakes when realistically we should be encouraging them to make mistakes and learn from them. Our society has expectations that are too high for these children and are too high even for adults to meet. We need to put less pressure on these Disney child actors to be perfect and to encourage them to be kids and to have fun. The pressure that they have on them from Disney to be successful, make a lot of money, and to conform to what Disney wants them to be combined with societies expectations for them to be good role models and to always make the right decision is too much pressure for these children to handle. So they turn to drugs and alcohol so that they are no longer expected to be the perfect person. The child actors are sometimes overlooked in the argument of television, but they have also been affected.

Bradstreets The Author to Her Book :: Bradstreet Author to Her Book Essays

In Anne Bradstreet's poem "The Author to Her Book," the controlling metaphor is the image of a baby being born and cared for. This birth imagery expresses the complex attitude of the speaker by demonstrating that the speaker's low regard for her own work and her actions are contradictory. The first effect of the birth imagery is to present the speaker's book as a reflection of what she sees in herself. Unfortunately, the "child" displays blemishes and crippling handicaps, which represent what the speaker sees as deep faults and imperfections in herself. She is not only embarrassed but ashamed of these flaws, even considering them "unfit for light". Although she is repulsed by its flaws, the speaker understands that her book is the offspring of her own "feeble brain", and the lamentable errors it displays are therefore her own. When the speaker's book is returned by the publisher, the speaker's attempt to "wash (the) face" of her child only worsens the image of herself that she sees in it. Washing the child, rubbing off a blemish, and stretching its joints but failing to improve his imperfections all contribute to an image of the speaker rewriting her book, desperately trying to raise its quality up to her high standards, but discovering in the process that its imperfections and errors run too deep to be corrected, as do her own. In the second half of the poem, a new facet of the speaker's attitude is displayed. In line 17, she wants to improve the ugliness of her "child" by giving him new clothes; however, she is too poor to do so, having "nought save homespun cloth" with which to dress her child. In the final stanza, the speaker reveals poverty as her motive for allowing her book to be sent to a publisher (sending her "child" out into the world) in the first place. This makes her attitude seem to contradict her actions.

Honesty: Lie and Personal Responsibility

Being Honest with Yourself Honesty is the best way to succeed in future endeavors, both in relationships and business. Though being honest can hurt others it is beneficial to succeeding in life. This is a personal responsibility any individual should have both in education and in everyday life. When it comes to being honest in school, plagiarism is one of the biggest lies a person could do.Plagiarism means â€Å"an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization and the representation of that author's work as one's own, as by not crediting the original author†(Dictionary. com,2013). Plagiarizing someone’s work is not being honest to the instructor, but most of all not being honest to your own work; it is not showing that you have that personal responsibility to the school work. Researchers have a personal responsibility to be honest on their work.Sometimes when the research is being conducted, the writer wi ll add other more honorary titles into that research; this is less than honest when it comes to a research. When the researchers add extra information that is not valid to the paper it starts to become a lie. In childhood a young child has that personal responsibility to be honest to their parents. If they were not honest with them, normally they would be disciplined for lying. While in school a child will learn how to be honest on their school work and to be honest with their peers.In both aspects they would need to show that they know what honesty is, and that they are responsible for proving that they truly understand what that honesty is. Sometimes when growing up and being taught that being honest is the way life should be and that the individual should always be honest. Honesty does have its time and place. â€Å"Do theses pants make my butt look fat†, for gentlemen this is an all-time question, tell the truth and let your wife know, yes those pants make you look fat, o r say honey no you look amazing in those pants.Some honesty could be a little too much for a woman already feeling insecure about her body. So the individual will tell a little white lie and things seem to continue to run smoothly throughout the day and night. Now if the person were a snitch, say for the FBI, this could be a deadly ordeal for that person. Tell the truth only to the FBI and take that chance of being caught by a gang of some sorts, and be killed for saying secret information. Then again if that snitch never gets caught, there might be an amazing award for that person.Going to another country or state might become their haven, and they can continue a normal and productive life. Some views on honesty are that a person is a snitch, or maybe they just do not know how to tell a lie. Either way, honesty is a personal responsibility that most would view as an important aspect to everyday life. Whether it is in school or in everyday life honesty is the best policy. References Sharma, B. , & Singh, V. (2011). Ethics in writing: Learning to stay away from plagiarism and scientific misconduct.Lung India, 28(2), 148-150. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 4103/0970- 2113. 80337 Steneck, N. H. (2011). The dilemma of the honest researcher. EMBO Reports, 12(8), 745-745. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1038/embor. 2011. 134 Victoria Talwar, Angela M. Crossman, Children’s lies and their detection: Implications for child witness testimony, Developmental Review, Volume 32, Issue 4, December 2012, Pages 337-359, ISSN 0273-2297, 10. 1016/j. dr. 2012. 06. 004. (http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0273229712000251) Honesty: Lie and Personal Responsibility Being Honest with Yourself Honesty is the best way to succeed in future endeavors, both in relationships and business. Though being honest can hurt others it is beneficial to succeeding in life. This is a personal responsibility any individual should have both in education and in everyday life. When it comes to being honest in school, plagiarism is one of the biggest lies a person could do.Plagiarism means â€Å"an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization and the representation of that author's work as one's own, as by not crediting the original author†(Dictionary. com,2013). Plagiarizing someone’s work is not being honest to the instructor, but most of all not being honest to your own work; it is not showing that you have that personal responsibility to the school work. Researchers have a personal responsibility to be honest on their work.Sometimes when the research is being conducted, the writer wi ll add other more honorary titles into that research; this is less than honest when it comes to a research. When the researchers add extra information that is not valid to the paper it starts to become a lie. In childhood a young child has that personal responsibility to be honest to their parents. If they were not honest with them, normally they would be disciplined for lying. While in school a child will learn how to be honest on their school work and to be honest with their peers.In both aspects they would need to show that they know what honesty is, and that they are responsible for proving that they truly understand what that honesty is. Sometimes when growing up and being taught that being honest is the way life should be and that the individual should always be honest. Honesty does have its time and place. â€Å"Do theses pants make my butt look fat†, for gentlemen this is an all-time question, tell the truth and let your wife know, yes those pants make you look fat, o r say honey no you look amazing in those pants.Some honesty could be a little too much for a woman already feeling insecure about her body. So the individual will tell a little white lie and things seem to continue to run smoothly throughout the day and night. Now if the person were a snitch, say for the FBI, this could be a deadly ordeal for that person. Tell the truth only to the FBI and take that chance of being caught by a gang of some sorts, and be killed for saying secret information. Then again if that snitch never gets caught, there might be an amazing award for that person.Going to another country or state might become their haven, and they can continue a normal and productive life. Some views on honesty are that a person is a snitch, or maybe they just do not know how to tell a lie. Either way, honesty is a personal responsibility that most would view as an important aspect to everyday life. Whether it is in school or in everyday life honesty is the best policy. References Sharma, B. , & Singh, V. (2011). Ethics in writing: Learning to stay away from plagiarism and scientific misconduct.Lung India, 28(2), 148-150. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 4103/0970- 2113. 80337 Steneck, N. H. (2011). The dilemma of the honest researcher. EMBO Reports, 12(8), 745-745. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1038/embor. 2011. 134 Victoria Talwar, Angela M. Crossman, Children’s lies and their detection: Implications for child witness testimony, Developmental Review, Volume 32, Issue 4, December 2012, Pages 337-359, ISSN 0273-2297, 10. 1016/j. dr. 2012. 06. 004. (http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0273229712000251)

Advertisement Budget

Introduction Budget is quantitative expression of future plan  of activities. It is  a future plan  of activities expressed in  terms of  currency/rupees. It is prepared for a fixed period of time. Advertising budget is a financial document that’s hows the total amount to be spent on advertising and lists the way this amount is to be allocated. It is a translation of advertising plan into money to be spent on advertising. It is an estimation of total amount to be spent on advertising during a given period of time for achieving marketing objectives.It involves allocation of a portion of total marketing resources to advertising functions of a firm. An advertising budget shows how much amount is to be spent on advertising and how this amount will be allocated among different media, sales territories, products, selling-activities, etc. It states the proposed advertising expenditure and serves as a decision-making tool for the management while allocating available funds t o the various advertising functions and related activities of the company.Advertising budget and its process is similar with the Sales Promotion budget And Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) budget . All three terms can be used interchangeably also due to close similarity. Advertising  budget  is  prepared  by  Advertising  Manager  in  consultation  with  Marketing  Manager  of  thecompany. But  in  small  business  organizations,  which  do  not  have  separate  advertising  department  theresponsibility of preparing ad-budget lies on top  management or Marketing Manager.According to the Institute of Cost and work Accountant London â€Å"A budget is a financial or quantitativestatement prepare prior to a definite period of time; of the policy to be persuade during that period for the  purpose of achieving a given  objective†. Features of Advertising  Budget The features of advertising budget are as follows: 1) Advertising budget is a financial  statement expressed in monetary terms, 2) It is for a specific future period. It is prepared prior to the budget period during which it will  operate, 3) It is prepared by Advertising Manager.It is approved by top management for its implementation, 4) It shows the plan of allocation of available funds to various advertising activities, 5) It affects the selection of media, selection of advertising agency and selection of message source (model for  advertisement), 6) Its size depends on various internal  and external factors, and 7) It is a limiting factor which determines the size of advertising campaign. Advertising Budget as a Concept of Investment Advertising budget is assigned to build the image and reputation of the organization.The achievement of the  budget is observed over a long period. Some of the expenditure on advertising attracts customers immediately;they buy the product when they listen to or view the advertising message. T his expenditure is known as revenueexpenditure. Some expenditure is incurred on building the image and reputation. The effects of advertising arerealized gradually over a long period. This expenditure is capital expenditure or  investment. The expenditure onadvertising  is  accepted  as  revenue  expenditure  by  the  income-tax  authorities.The  marketing  manager  isauthorized to control and spend  the money assigned to him  for advertising purpose. Advertising expenditure is a capital investment when it is incurred to build the image, goodwill and reputationof product and company; and this results in a gradual increase in the sales, although the expenditure isconsidered as revenue expenditure in the accounting entry. It is an outlay or expenditure made today to achieve  benefits in future. This expenditure is known as capital investment although it is assigned under the revenue  budget but it is not accepted as a capital budget.Factors Influencin g the Size of the Advertising Budget 1) Objectives to be Attained: How much the company is going to spend is  determined by the objectives to beattained. Objectives act as the sheet anchor and the standards for advertising performance. These objectivesare – bringing about increase in sales, introduction of new products, supporting sales force, reachinginaccessible consumers, entering a new market, improving dealer relations, expanding industry’s sales,  building  up  goodwill,  building  a  brand  preference,  counter  acting  competition,  dispelling  the  likelymisunderstandings and so on.It is a particular sales objective or the set of objectives that shapes theadvertising budget. 2) Coverage Expectations: Advertising coverage implies the number of persons to be reached. It is thequestion of reaching a target audience through different media and media vehicles. The extent of coverageis influenced very much by the nature of the market enjo yed by the products. 3) Product Class: Talking of only consumer goods, these have been classified into three categories, namely, convenience, shopping   and   specialty.In case  of  convenience  goods,  they  require  a  large  advertising expenditure because of their intensive distribution and heavy dependence on mass advertising to sell inadvance to the prospects before they shop. On the other hand, the fashion goods require less advertising asthe buyers can judge the qualities of these products themselves in person while they hop from shop to shop. Services goods such as automobiles, fridges, washing machines, T. V sets, cooking ranges, kitchen-waresand the like warrant heavy doses of advertising and personal selling efforts. ) Stage in the Product-life Cycle: Every product has its life-cycle consisting of four phases, namely,introduction, growth, maturity and decline. When a new product is  introduced, it calls for the heaviest dosesof advertising, and ther efore, the budget gets blown-up. During the growth stage, the funds spend are reallysubstantial. However, when the product reaches the stage of maturity or saturation and the stage of decline,it is the price appeal that works than the advertising strategy. Hence, the advertising spending gets reducedconsiderably. 5) Prevailing Economic Conditions: The economic activities are not always the same.The economic systemfaces brisk and slack phases which are referred to as boom and slump phases of business cycle. During thesour economic conditions, majority of the companies cut back the advertising budget and during the periodof boom conditions, they fatter their budgets beyond limits. This has been because, the business communitythinks advertising as recurring expenditure than an  investment. 6) Age of the Company: A company which is seasoned and is known to the consumers will have certainly anadvantage in introducing a new product or a service. People readily accept

Process Reengineering

Process Reengineering Process Reengineering Summary "Beyond Reengineering" is Hammer's preach of the vital importance of an organization's processes to its success. In four sections, Hammer stresses and explains the different aspects in how the organization must focus on their processes in terms of- work, management, enterprise and society. More importantly, how by tending a process-oriented approach, organizations will be able to achieve efficiency, profits and success in like.In the first section of the book, Hammer explains the implications a process-centered organization will have on workers and how important this change is for the whole process. First, Hammer explains the basics of a process-oriented organization and why it is so important. When Hammer states that we take a process perspective in looking at organizations, it means that we do not just see individual tasks in isolation, but the entire collection of tasks that contribute to a desired outcome. Because even if all tasks were perfect, it w ould mean nothing if the processes putting them together is inefficient and failing.Workflow/Business Process Management (BPM) Service...A process is a group of tasks that together create a result of value to a customer. The importance or processes cannot be stressed enough by Hammer, and in order to guide an organization towards the process centering path, he suggested these four steps: 1. recognize and name the company's processes 2. ensure everyone in the organization is aware of these processes and their importance 3. identify the key measures by which each process is to be assessed 4. become serious about process management What this leads to is the change this new process perspective will for the people of the organization. Instead of the previous specialized tasks workers were assigned, they will be challenged with more "professional" work. Hammer calls this "professionalizing its work"- a pre-requisite transition for...

Nietzsche and Mill Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nietzsche and Mill - Research Paper Example On one hand, the position adopted by Nietzsche through the famous dichotomies defining the genesis of good, bad and evil formulate the essence of morality from the basics. Apparently, it would be difficult to discuss that whose origin or genesis cannot support its existence. On the other hand, the opinion of John Stuart Mill concerning morality raises the higher bar of morality through definition of virtue and its importance in life, for instance in religion (Smith 27). Despite the fact that the approaches taken by the two philosophers distinguish their philosophical orientation through different concepts on the central theme, two concepts remain throughout their debate as demonstrated in this discourse. Both philosophers independently made astounding interpretations to morality, almost certainly taking a similar opinion on several elements than conflicting opinion. The centrality of morality in the work by Nietzsche and Mill illustrates the diversity of definition of the underlying interpretations such as through genealogy of morals, utilitarianism, egoism, righteousness and consequentialism. Tracing the origin of the general meaning of good and bad from class differentiation between the powerful and the weak eventually leading to a systemic unquestionable belief of correct and wrong judgments presents Nietzsche’s opinion in a sharp reflection on morality. The First Essay depicts Nietzsche as a simplistic morality thinker in the way he relates the topic with the human society. Perhaps getting the basics rights in the definition of what morality entails gives Nietzsche the edge in laying the foundations of the debate. Morality interpretation of good through attaching benefit to the recipient of actions of others illustrates the perspective taken by Nietzsche, though he makes the observation to the effect that the terminology ‘good’ came later. Such an

Own career development Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Own career development - Personal Statement Example I present in the remainder of this document, my recollections of how I ventured in to my vocation as a Guidance Counselor, comparing my specific case with theories of career development (Career Development, 2003). I conclude with inferences which I use for graduate students who seek my professional help. Informality has marked my progress towards the career. Theories which state that the value of work should be taught in the pre-school years (Career Development, 2003,) and that a relationship has to be made so early in life between education and a career, seem to escape my memory, if at all my parents subscribed to such concepts. This pattern continues as I reflect on my years in school, all the way from kindergarten to when I was ready for college. The post secondary education phase (Career Development, 2003) was an inflexion point for my career. Many of my peers sought vocational training at this time, and only a minority sought college education. We all tried our hands at odd jobs and assignments during this time, but I cannot recall even considering regular employment. This could have been because my family had more than adequate means to provide for my higher education. I do not recall much formal counseling even at this time, though teachers did speak well of my intellectual abilities and potential, and my parents let me know that they would support anything that I wished to do. My choice of college and course was determined largely by peer pressure, though it was all friendly and non-invasive. Adulthood as defined in career development theory (Career Development, 2003) was a defining phase for my career choice. My abilities and weaknesses came in to sharp focus at this time, and I developed a sense of urgency to earn enough to start a family of my own. An older sibling advised me strongly against directions suggested by counselors at college, and I recall being uncertain of which direction to take. I am not yet sure whether I made the right choice for my graduate education, though I am now happily reconciled to my professional situation as a Guidance Counselor. I understand career development theory to advocate a much earlier initiation in to formal planning, and a structured approach to counseling, almost from the inception of cognition (Career Development, 2003). I seem to have escaped with a more carefree child hood, and transited from home to kindergarten and from there to various Grades of school, in almost casual manner! I am not aware that I am much worse off for it, though the career development theory does make a lot of sense when I interact with many graduate students today. Influences Why might I have escaped rather lightly, even though my parents and school teachers did not implement the career development theories of today, during my student days, in structured and formal ways The reasons, on my reflection, seem to lie in strong influences under which I grew up. It may be that my memory is weak and I recall these influences without being able to relate them to formal counseling. Nevertheless, I find my recollections to be useful in understanding how I evolved in to becoming a Guidance Counselor. There were 3 strong influences, which I feel shaped my career choice, though they